See derwos on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "derv"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "dero"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Breton",
"lang_code": "xbm",
"word": "deru"
}
],
"lang": "Old Breton",
"lang_code": "obt",
"word": "daeru"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "derw"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "derw"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "derw"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "deru"
}
],
"lang": "Old Welsh",
"lang_code": "owl",
"tags": [
"singulative"
],
"word": "deruen"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"sense": "oaks",
"word": "*derw"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "dearbh"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "jarroo"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "dearbh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"sense": "certain",
"word": "derb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "dearbh"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "jarroo"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "dearbh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"sense": "pail",
"word": "derb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"see Pays du Der"
],
"word": "Der"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Dervus"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Dervius"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Dervacus"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Dervonia"
},
{
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "oak wood",
"word": "dervée"
}
],
"lang": "Gaulish",
"lang_code": "cel-gau",
"word": "*deruos"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dóru",
"t": "oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“oak”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“oak”), possibly via a vṛddhi formation *derwós (“of oak”).\nThe Irish sense \"true, certain\" is a shift from a base meaning \"(firm) as oak\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-adj-o+a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "O/ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "derwos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "derwom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "derwobis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "derwābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-adj-o+a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyoses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyoses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyosam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyosans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisbos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisbis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*derwos",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*derwos",
"name": "cel-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "derw"
},
"name": "cel-decl-adj-o+a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/derwos",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oaken, made of oak"
],
"id": "en-derwos-cel-pro-adj-zwtKKhK8",
"links": [
[
"oaken",
"oaken"
],
[
"oak",
"oak"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "derwos"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "derv"
},
{
"lang": "Breton",
"lang_code": "br",
"word": "dero"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Breton",
"lang_code": "xbm",
"word": "deru"
}
],
"lang": "Old Breton",
"lang_code": "obt",
"word": "daeru"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "derw"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "derw"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "derw"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"lang_code": "wlm",
"word": "deru"
}
],
"lang": "Old Welsh",
"lang_code": "owl",
"tags": [
"singulative"
],
"word": "deruen"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Brythonic",
"lang_code": "cel-bry-pro",
"sense": "oaks",
"word": "*derw"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "dearbh"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "jarroo"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "dearbh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"sense": "certain",
"word": "derb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "dearbh"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "jarroo"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "dearbh"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"raw_tags": [
"f"
],
"sense": "pail",
"word": "derb"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"raw_tags": [
"see Pays du Der"
],
"word": "Der"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Dervus"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Dervius"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Dervacus"
},
{
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "Dervonia"
},
{
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"sense": "oak wood",
"word": "dervée"
}
],
"lang": "Gaulish",
"lang_code": "cel-gau",
"word": "*deruos"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dóru",
"t": "oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“oak”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“oak”), possibly via a vṛddhi formation *derwós (“of oak”).\nThe Irish sense \"true, certain\" is a shift from a base meaning \"(firm) as oak\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-adj-o+a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "O/ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "derwos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "derwom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "derwobis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "derwābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-adj-o+a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyoses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyoses",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyosam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwyosans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisbos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "derwisbis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "derwis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "derwis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"comparative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*derwos",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "*derwos",
"name": "cel-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "derw"
},
"name": "cel-decl-adj-o+a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/derwos",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic adjectives",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic o/ā-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"oaken, made of oak"
],
"links": [
[
"oaken",
"oaken"
],
[
"oak",
"oak"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "derwos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for derwos meaning in All languages combined (8.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.